One theory is that acupuncture stimulates the nervous system, which then releases chemicals that either alleviate pain or promote healing. For example, the insertion of acupuncture needles may trigger the release of endorphins, which are natural painkillers produced by the body.

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Another theory is that acupuncture works by blocking pain signals from reaching the brain. This is thought to occur through the stimulation of nerves in the spinal cord that inhibit the transmission of pain signals.

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Additionally, acupuncture may help reduce inflammation in the body, which can contribute to pain. Some studies have shown that acupuncture can help regulate the immune system and reduce inflammation markers in the blood.

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Overall, acupuncture may help manage pain by promoting the body's natural healing mechanisms, reducing inflammation, and altering the perception of pain through its effects on the nervous system. However, it's important to note that the effectiveness of acupuncture for pain management can vary depending on the individual and the type and severity of their pain.